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authorIndrajith K L2022-12-03 17:00:20 +0530
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+tee(P) tee(P)
+
+
+
+
+
+NAME
+ tee - duplicate standard input
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ tee [-ai][file...]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The tee utility shall copy standard input to standard
+ output, making a copy in zero or more files. The tee
+ utility shall not buffer output.
+
+ If the -a option is not specified, output files shall be
+ written (see File Read, Write, and Creation .
+
+OPTIONS
+ The tee utility shall conform to the Base Definitions
+ volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility
+ Syntax Guidelines.
+
+ The following options shall be supported:
+
+ -a Append the output to the files.
+
+ -i Ignore the SIGINT signal.
+
+
+OPERANDS
+ The following operands shall be supported:
+
+ file A pathname of an output file. Processing of at
+ least 13 file operands shall be supported.
+
+
+STDIN
+ The standard input can be of any type.
+
+INPUT FILES
+ None.
+
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+ The following environment variables shall affect the
+ execution of tee:
+
+ LANG Provide a default value for the internationaliza-
+ tion variables that are unset or null. (See the
+ Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
+ Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables for
+ the precedence of internationalization variables
+ used to determine the values of locale cate-
+ gories.)
+
+ LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the
+ values of all the other internationalization
+ variables.
+
+ LC_CTYPE
+ Determine the locale for the interpretation of
+ sequences of bytes of text data as characters
+ (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi-
+ byte characters in arguments).
+
+ LC_MESSAGES
+ Determine the locale that should be used to
+ affect the format and contents of diagnostic
+ messages written to standard error.
+
+ NLSPATH
+ Determine the location of message catalogs for
+ the processing of LC_MESSAGES .
+
+
+ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
+ Default, except that if the -i option was specified,
+ SIGINT shall be ignored.
+
+STDOUT
+ The standard output shall be a copy of the standard
+ input.
+
+STDERR
+ The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic
+ messages.
+
+OUTPUT FILES
+ If any file operands are specified, the standard input
+ shall be copied to each named file.
+
+EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
+ None.
+
+EXIT STATUS
+ The following exit values shall be returned:
+
+ 0 The standard input was successfully copied to all
+ output files.
+
+ >0 An error occurred.
+
+
+CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
+ If a write to any successfully opened file operand
+ fails, writes to other successfully opened file operands
+ and standard output shall continue, but the exit status
+ shall be non-zero. Otherwise, the default actions spec-
+ ified in Utility Description Defaults apply.
+
+ The following sections are informative.
+
+APPLICATION USAGE
+ The tee utility is usually used in a pipeline, to make a
+ copy of the output of some utility.
+
+ The file operand is technically optional, but tee is no
+ more useful than cat when none is specified.
+
+EXAMPLES
+ Save an unsorted intermediate form of the data in a
+ pipeline:
+
+
+ ... | tee unsorted | sort > sorted
+
+RATIONALE
+ The buffering requirement means that tee is not allowed
+ to use ISO C standard fully buffered or line-buffered
+ writes. It does not mean that tee has to do 1-byte reads
+ followed by 1-byte writes.
+
+ It should be noted that early versions of BSD ignore any
+ invalid options and accept a single '-' as an alterna-
+ tive to -i. They also print a message if unable to open
+ a file:
+
+
+ "tee: cannot access %s\n", <pathname>
+
+ Historical implementations ignore write errors. This is
+ explicitly not permitted by this volume of
+ IEEE Std 1003.1-2001.
+
+ Some historical implementations use O_APPEND when pro-
+ viding append mode; others use the lseek() function to
+ seek to the end-of-file after opening the file without
+ O_APPEND. This volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 requires
+ functionality equivalent to using O_APPEND; see File
+ Read, Write, and Creation .
+
+FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+ None.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ Introduction , cat , the System Interfaces volume of
+ IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, lseek()
+
+COPYRIGHT
+ Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in
+ electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition,
+ Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operat-
+ ing System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Speci-
+ fications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Insti-
+ tute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and
+ The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
+ this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group
+ Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+ is the referee document. The original Standard can be
+ obtained online at http://www.open-
+ group.org/unix/online.html .
+
+
+
+POSIX 2003 tee(P)