Adds most of the toolsHEADmaster

1 files changed, 171 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/v_windows/v/examples/binary_search_tree.v b/v_windows/v/examples/binary_search_tree.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..514426a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/v_windows/v/examples/binary_search_tree.v
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+// Binary Search Tree example by @SleepyRoy
+
+// TODO: make Node.value generic once it's robust enough
+struct Empty {}
+
+struct Node {
+	value f64
+	left  Tree
+	right Tree
+}
+
+type Tree = Empty | Node
+
+// return size(number of nodes) of BST
+fn size(tree Tree) int {
+	return match tree {
+		Empty { 0 }
+		Node { 1 + size(tree.left) + size(tree.right) }
+	}
+}
+
+// insert a value to BST
+fn insert(tree Tree, x f64) Tree {
+	return match tree {
+		Empty {
+			Node{x, tree, tree}
+		}
+		Node {
+			if x == tree.value {
+				tree
+			} else if x < tree.value {
+				Node{
+					...tree
+					left: insert(tree.left, x)
+				}
+			} else {
+				Node{
+					...tree
+					right: insert(tree.right, x)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// whether able to find a value in BST
+fn search(tree Tree, x f64) bool {
+	return match tree {
+		Empty {
+			false
+		}
+		Node {
+			if x == tree.value {
+				true
+			} else if x < tree.value {
+				search(tree.left, x)
+			} else {
+				search(tree.right, x)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// find the minimal value of a BST
+fn min(tree Tree) f64 {
+	return match tree {
+		Empty {
+			1e100
+		}
+		Node {
+			if tree.value < min(tree.left) {
+				tree.value
+			} else {
+				min(tree.left)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// delete a value in BST (if nonexistant do nothing)
+fn delete(tree Tree, x f64) Tree {
+	return match tree {
+		Empty {
+			tree
+		}
+		Node {
+			if tree.left is Node && tree.right is Node {
+				if x < tree.value {
+					Node{
+						...tree
+						left: delete(tree.left, x)
+					}
+				} else if x > tree.value {
+					Node{
+						...tree
+						right: delete(tree.right, x)
+					}
+				} else {
+					Node{
+						...tree
+						value: min(tree.right)
+						right: delete(tree.right, min(tree.right))
+					}
+				}
+			} else if tree.left is Node {
+				if x == tree.value {
+					tree.left
+				} else {
+					Node{
+						...tree
+						left: delete(tree.left, x)
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				if x == tree.value {
+					tree.right
+				} else {
+					Node{
+						...tree
+						right: delete(tree.right, x)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+fn main() {
+	$if !freestanding {
+		mut tree := Tree(Empty{})
+		input := [0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.0, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.7]
+		for i in input {
+			tree = insert(tree, i)
+		}
+		println('[1] after insertion tree size is ${size(tree)}') // 11
+		del := [-0.3, 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5]
+		for i in del {
+			tree = delete(tree, i)
+		}
+		print('[2] after deletion tree size is ${size(tree)}, ') // 7
+		print('and these elements were deleted: ') // 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.0
+		for i in input {
+			if !search(tree, i) {
+				print('$i ')
+			}
+		}
+		println('')
+	} $else {
+		mut tree := Tree(Empty{})
+		input := [0.3, 0.2, 0.5, 0.0, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.7]
+		for i in input {
+			tree = insert(tree, i)
+		}
+		print('[1] after insertion tree size is ') // 11
+		println(size(tree))
+		del := [-0.3, 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5]
+		for i in del {
+			tree = delete(tree, i)
+		}
+		print('[2] after deletion tree size is ') // 7
+		print(size(tree))
+		print(', and these elements were deleted: ') // 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.0
+		for i in input {
+			if !search(tree, i) {
+				print(i)
+				print(' ')
+			}
+		}
+		println('')
+	}
+}