Adds most of the toolsHEADmaster

1 files changed, 664 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/v_windows/v/thirdparty/bignum/bn.c b/v_windows/v/thirdparty/bignum/bn.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ec0895
--- /dev/null
+++ b/v_windows/v/thirdparty/bignum/bn.c
@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+/*
+
+Big number library - arithmetic on multiple-precision unsigned integers.
+
+This library is an implementation of arithmetic on arbitrarily large integers.
+
+The difference between this and other implementations, is that the data structure
+has optimal memory utilization (i.e. a 1024 bit integer takes up 128 bytes RAM),
+and all memory is allocated statically: no dynamic allocation for better or worse.
+
+Primary goals are correctness, clarity of code and clean, portable implementation.
+Secondary goal is a memory footprint small enough to make it suitable for use in
+embedded applications.
+
+
+The current state is correct functionality and adequate performance.
+There may well be room for performance-optimizations and improvements.
+
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "bn.h"
+
+
+
+/* Functions for shifting number in-place. */
+static void _lshift_one_bit(struct bn* a);
+static void _rshift_one_bit(struct bn* a);
+static void _lshift_word(struct bn* a, int nwords);
+static void _rshift_word(struct bn* a, int nwords);
+
+
+
+/* Public / Exported functions. */
+void bignum_init(struct bn* n)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    n->array[i] = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_from_int(struct bn* n, DTYPE_TMP i)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  bignum_init(n);
+
+  /* Endianness issue if machine is not little-endian? */
+#ifdef WORD_SIZE
+ #if (WORD_SIZE == 1)
+  n->array[0] = (i & 0x000000ff);
+  n->array[1] = (i & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
+  n->array[2] = (i & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
+  n->array[3] = (i & 0xff000000) >> 24;
+ #elif (WORD_SIZE == 2)
+  n->array[0] = (i & 0x0000ffff);
+  n->array[1] = (i & 0xffff0000) >> 16;
+ #elif (WORD_SIZE == 4)
+  n->array[0] = i;
+  DTYPE_TMP num_32 = 32;
+  DTYPE_TMP tmp = i >> num_32; /* bit-shift with U64 operands to force 64-bit results */
+  n->array[1] = tmp;
+ #endif
+#endif
+}
+
+
+int bignum_to_int(struct bn* n)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  /* Endianness issue if machine is not little-endian? */
+#if (WORD_SIZE == 1)
+  ret += n->array[0];
+  ret += n->array[1] << 8;
+  ret += n->array[2] << 16;
+  ret += n->array[3] << 24;  
+#elif (WORD_SIZE == 2)
+  ret += n->array[0];
+  ret += n->array[1] << 16;
+#elif (WORD_SIZE == 4)
+  ret += n->array[0];
+#endif
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+void bignum_from_string(struct bn* n, char* str, int nbytes)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+  require(str, "str is null");
+  require(nbytes > 0, "nbytes must be positive");
+  require((nbytes & 1) == 0, "string format must be in hex -> equal number of bytes");
+
+  bignum_init(n);
+
+  DTYPE tmp;                        /* DTYPE is defined in bn.h - uint{8,16,32,64}_t */
+  int i = nbytes - (2 * WORD_SIZE); /* index into string */
+  int j = 0;                        /* index into array */
+
+  /* reading last hex-byte "MSB" from string first -> big endian */
+  /* MSB ~= most significant byte / block ? :) */
+  while (i >= 0)
+  {
+    tmp = 0;
+    sscanf(&str[i], SSCANF_FORMAT_STR, &tmp);
+    n->array[j] = tmp;
+    i -= (2 * WORD_SIZE); /* step WORD_SIZE hex-byte(s) back in the string. */
+    j += 1;               /* step one element forward in the array. */
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_to_string(struct bn* n, char* str, int nbytes)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+  require(str, "str is null");
+  require(nbytes > 0, "nbytes must be positive");
+  require((nbytes & 1) == 0, "string format must be in hex -> equal number of bytes");
+
+  int j = BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1; /* index into array - reading "MSB" first -> big-endian */
+  int i = 0;                 /* index into string representation. */
+
+  /* reading last array-element "MSB" first -> big endian */
+  while ((j >= 0) && (nbytes > (i + 1)))
+  {
+    sprintf(&str[i], SPRINTF_FORMAT_STR, n->array[j]);
+    i += (2 * WORD_SIZE); /* step WORD_SIZE hex-byte(s) forward in the string. */
+    j -= 1;               /* step one element back in the array. */
+  }
+
+  /* Count leading zeros: */
+  j = 0;
+  while (str[j] == '0')
+  {
+    j += 1;
+  }
+ 
+  /* Move string j places ahead, effectively skipping leading zeros */ 
+  for (i = 0; i < (nbytes - j); ++i)
+  {
+    str[i] = str[i + j];
+  }
+
+  /* Zero-terminate string */
+  str[i] = 0;
+}
+
+
+void bignum_dec(struct bn* n)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  DTYPE tmp; /* copy of n */
+  DTYPE res;
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    tmp = n->array[i];
+    res = tmp - 1;
+    n->array[i] = res;
+
+    if (!(res > tmp))
+    {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_inc(struct bn* n)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  DTYPE res;
+  DTYPE_TMP tmp; /* copy of n */
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    tmp = n->array[i];
+    res = tmp + 1;
+    n->array[i] = res;
+
+    if (res > tmp)
+    {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_add(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  DTYPE_TMP tmp;
+  int carry = 0;
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    tmp = (DTYPE_TMP)a->array[i] + b->array[i] + carry;
+    carry = (tmp > MAX_VAL);
+    c->array[i] = (tmp & MAX_VAL);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_sub(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  DTYPE_TMP res;
+  DTYPE_TMP tmp1;
+  DTYPE_TMP tmp2;
+  int borrow = 0;
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    tmp1 = (DTYPE_TMP)a->array[i] + (MAX_VAL + 1); /* + number_base */
+    tmp2 = (DTYPE_TMP)b->array[i] + borrow;;
+    res = (tmp1 - tmp2);
+    c->array[i] = (DTYPE)(res & MAX_VAL); /* "modulo number_base" == "% (number_base - 1)" if number_base is 2^N */
+    borrow = (res <= MAX_VAL);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_mul(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  struct bn row;
+  struct bn tmp;
+  int i, j;
+
+  bignum_init(c);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    bignum_init(&row);
+
+    for (j = 0; j < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++j)
+    {
+      if (i + j < BN_ARRAY_SIZE)
+      {
+        bignum_init(&tmp);
+        DTYPE_TMP intermediate = ((DTYPE_TMP)a->array[i] * (DTYPE_TMP)b->array[j]);
+        bignum_from_int(&tmp, intermediate);
+        _lshift_word(&tmp, i + j);
+        bignum_add(&tmp, &row, &row);
+      }
+    }
+    bignum_add(c, &row, c);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_div(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  struct bn current;
+  struct bn denom;
+  struct bn tmp;
+
+  bignum_from_int(&current, 1);               // int current = 1;
+  bignum_assign(&denom, b);                   // denom = b
+  bignum_assign(&tmp, a);                     // tmp   = a
+
+  const DTYPE_TMP half_max = 1 + (DTYPE_TMP)(MAX_VAL / 2);
+  bool overflow = false;
+  while (bignum_cmp(&denom, a) != LARGER)     // while (denom <= a) {
+  {
+    if (denom.array[BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1] >= half_max)
+    {
+      overflow = true;
+      break;
+    }
+    _lshift_one_bit(&current);                //   current <<= 1;
+    _lshift_one_bit(&denom);                  //   denom <<= 1;
+  }
+  if (!overflow)
+  {
+    _rshift_one_bit(&denom);                  // denom >>= 1;
+    _rshift_one_bit(&current);                // current >>= 1;
+  }
+  bignum_init(c);                             // int answer = 0;
+
+  while (!bignum_is_zero(&current))           // while (current != 0)
+  {
+    if (bignum_cmp(&tmp, &denom) != SMALLER)  //   if (dividend >= denom)
+    {
+      bignum_sub(&tmp, &denom, &tmp);         //     dividend -= denom;
+      bignum_or(c, &current, c);              //     answer |= current;
+    }
+    _rshift_one_bit(&current);                //   current >>= 1;
+    _rshift_one_bit(&denom);                  //   denom >>= 1;
+  }                                           // return answer;
+}
+
+
+void bignum_lshift(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, int nbits)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(nbits >= 0, "no negative shifts");
+
+  bignum_assign(b, a);
+  /* Handle shift in multiples of word-size */
+  const int nbits_pr_word = (WORD_SIZE * 8);
+  int nwords = nbits / nbits_pr_word;
+  if (nwords != 0)
+  {
+    _lshift_word(b, nwords);
+    nbits -= (nwords * nbits_pr_word);
+  }
+
+  if (nbits != 0)
+  {
+    int i;
+    for (i = (BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1); i > 0; --i)
+    {
+      b->array[i] = (b->array[i] << nbits) | (b->array[i - 1] >> ((8 * WORD_SIZE) - nbits));
+    }
+    b->array[i] <<= nbits;
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_rshift(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, int nbits)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(nbits >= 0, "no negative shifts");
+  
+  bignum_assign(b, a);
+  /* Handle shift in multiples of word-size */
+  const int nbits_pr_word = (WORD_SIZE * 8);
+  int nwords = nbits / nbits_pr_word;
+  if (nwords != 0)
+  {
+    _rshift_word(b, nwords);
+    nbits -= (nwords * nbits_pr_word);
+  }
+
+  if (nbits != 0)
+  {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < (BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1); ++i)
+    {
+      b->array[i] = (b->array[i] >> nbits) | (b->array[i + 1] << ((8 * WORD_SIZE) - nbits));
+    }
+    b->array[i] >>= nbits;
+  }
+  
+}
+
+
+void bignum_mod(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  /*
+    Take divmod and throw away div part
+  */
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  struct bn tmp;
+
+  bignum_divmod(a,b,&tmp,c);
+}
+
+void bignum_divmod(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c, struct bn* d)
+{
+  /*
+    Puts a%b in d
+    and a/b in c
+
+    mod(a,b) = a - ((a / b) * b)
+
+    example:
+      mod(8, 3) = 8 - ((8 / 3) * 3) = 2
+  */
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  struct bn tmp;
+
+  /* c = (a / b) */
+  bignum_div(a, b, c);
+
+  /* tmp = (c * b) */
+  bignum_mul(c, b, &tmp);
+
+  /* c = a - tmp */
+  bignum_sub(a, &tmp, d);
+}
+
+
+void bignum_and(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    c->array[i] = (a->array[i] & b->array[i]);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_or(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    c->array[i] = (a->array[i] | b->array[i]);
+  }
+}
+
+
+void bignum_xor(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    c->array[i] = (a->array[i] ^ b->array[i]);
+  }
+}
+
+
+int bignum_cmp(struct bn* a, struct bn* b)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+
+  int i = BN_ARRAY_SIZE;
+  do
+  {
+    i -= 1; /* Decrement first, to start with last array element */
+    if (a->array[i] > b->array[i])
+    {
+      return LARGER;
+    }
+    else if (a->array[i] < b->array[i])
+    {
+      return SMALLER;
+    }
+  }
+  while (i != 0);
+
+  return EQUAL;
+}
+
+
+int bignum_is_zero(struct bn* n)
+{
+  require(n, "n is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    if (n->array[i])
+    {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+void bignum_pow(struct bn* a, struct bn* b, struct bn* c)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+  require(c, "c is null");
+
+  struct bn tmp;
+
+  bignum_init(c);
+
+  if (bignum_cmp(b, c) == EQUAL)
+  {
+    /* Return 1 when exponent is 0 -- n^0 = 1 */
+    bignum_inc(c);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    struct bn bcopy;
+    bignum_assign(&bcopy, b);
+
+    /* Copy a -> tmp */
+    bignum_assign(&tmp, a);
+
+    bignum_dec(&bcopy);
+ 
+    /* Begin summing products: */
+    while (!bignum_is_zero(&bcopy))
+    {
+
+      /* c = tmp * tmp */
+      bignum_mul(&tmp, a, c);
+      /* Decrement b by one */
+      bignum_dec(&bcopy);
+
+      bignum_assign(&tmp, c);
+    }
+
+    /* c = tmp */
+    bignum_assign(c, &tmp);
+  }
+}
+
+void bignum_isqrt(struct bn *a, struct bn* b)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(b, "b is null");
+
+  struct bn low, high, mid, tmp;
+
+  bignum_init(&low);
+  bignum_assign(&high, a);
+  bignum_rshift(&high, &mid, 1);
+  bignum_inc(&mid);
+
+  while (bignum_cmp(&high, &low) > 0) 
+  {
+    bignum_mul(&mid, &mid, &tmp);
+    if (bignum_cmp(&tmp, a) > 0) 
+    {
+      bignum_assign(&high, &mid);
+      bignum_dec(&high);
+    }
+    else 
+    {
+      bignum_assign(&low, &mid);
+    }
+    bignum_sub(&high,&low,&mid);
+    _rshift_one_bit(&mid);
+    bignum_add(&low,&mid,&mid);
+    bignum_inc(&mid);
+  }
+  bignum_assign(b,&low);
+}
+
+
+void bignum_assign(struct bn* dst, struct bn* src)
+{
+  require(dst, "dst is null");
+  require(src, "src is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    dst->array[i] = src->array[i];
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Private / Static functions. */
+static void _rshift_word(struct bn* a, int nwords)
+{
+  /* Naive method: */
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(nwords >= 0, "no negative shifts");
+
+  int i;
+  if (nwords >= BN_ARRAY_SIZE)
+  {
+    for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+    {
+      a->array[i] = 0;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE - nwords; ++i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = a->array[i + nwords];
+  }
+  for (; i < BN_ARRAY_SIZE; ++i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+
+static void _lshift_word(struct bn* a, int nwords)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+  require(nwords >= 0, "no negative shifts");
+
+  int i;
+  /* Shift whole words */
+  for (i = (BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1); i >= nwords; --i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = a->array[i - nwords];
+  }
+  /* Zero pad shifted words. */
+  for (; i >= 0; --i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = 0;
+  }  
+}
+
+
+static void _lshift_one_bit(struct bn* a)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = (BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1); i > 0; --i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = (a->array[i] << 1) | (a->array[i - 1] >> ((8 * WORD_SIZE) - 1));
+  }
+  a->array[0] <<= 1;
+}
+
+
+static void _rshift_one_bit(struct bn* a)
+{
+  require(a, "a is null");
+
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < (BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1); ++i)
+  {
+    a->array[i] = (a->array[i] >> 1) | (a->array[i + 1] << ((8 * WORD_SIZE) - 1));
+  }
+  a->array[BN_ARRAY_SIZE - 1] >>= 1;
+}
+
+