diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'coreutils-5.3.0-bin/man/cat1p/chown.1p.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | coreutils-5.3.0-bin/man/cat1p/chown.1p.txt | 285 |
1 files changed, 285 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/coreutils-5.3.0-bin/man/cat1p/chown.1p.txt b/coreutils-5.3.0-bin/man/cat1p/chown.1p.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..53c377d --- /dev/null +++ b/coreutils-5.3.0-bin/man/cat1p/chown.1p.txt @@ -0,0 +1,285 @@ +chown(P) chown(P) + + + + + +NAME + chown - change the file ownership + +SYNOPSIS + chown [-hR] owner[:group] file ... + + chown -R [-H | -L | -P ] owner[:group] file ... + + +DESCRIPTION + The chown utility shall set the user ID of the file + named by each file operand to the user ID specified by + the owner operand. + + For each file operand, or, if the -R option is used, + each file encountered while walking the directory trees + specified by the file operands, the chown utility shall + perform actions equivalent to the chown() function + defined in the System Interfaces volume of + IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, called with the following argu- + ments: + + The file operand shall be used as the path argument. + + The user ID indicated by the owner portion of the first + operand shall be used as the owner argument. + + If the group portion of the first operand is given, the + group ID indicated by it shall be used as the group + argument; otherwise, the group ownership shall not be + changed. + + Unless chown is invoked by a process with appropriate + privileges, the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits of a + regular file shall be cleared upon successful comple- + tion; the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits of other + file types may be cleared. + +OPTIONS + The chown utility shall conform to the Base Definitions + volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility + Syntax Guidelines. + + The following options shall be supported by the imple- + mentation: + + -h If the system supports user IDs for symbolic + links, for each file operand that names a file of + type symbolic link, chown shall attempt to set + the user ID of the symbolic link. If the system + supports group IDs for symbolic links, and a + group ID was specified, for each file operand + that names a file of type symbolic link, chown + shall attempt to set the group ID of the symbolic + link. If the system does not support user or + group IDs for symbolic links, for each file oper- + and that names a file of type symbolic link, + chown shall do nothing more with the current file + and shall go on to any remaining files. + + -H If the -R option is specified and a symbolic link + referencing a file of type directory is specified + on the command line, chown shall change the user + ID (and group ID, if specified) of the directory + referenced by the symbolic link and all files in + the file hierarchy below it. + + -L If the -R option is specified and a symbolic link + referencing a file of type directory is specified + on the command line or encountered during the + traversal of a file hierarchy, chown shall change + the user ID (and group ID, if specified) of the + directory referenced by the symbolic link and all + files in the file hierarchy below it. + + -P If the -R option is specified and a symbolic link + is specified on the command line or encountered + during the traversal of a file hierarchy, chown + shall change the owner ID (and group ID, if spec- + ified) of the symbolic link if the system sup- + ports this operation. The chown utility shall not + follow the symbolic link to any other part of the + file hierarchy. + + -R Recursively change file user and group IDs. For + each file operand that names a directory, chown + shall change the user ID (and group ID, if speci- + fied) of the directory and all files in the file + hierarchy below it. Unless a -H, -L, or -P option + is specified, it is unspecified which of these + options will be used as the default. + + + Specifying more than one of the mutually-exclusive + options -H, -L, and -P shall not be considered an error. + The last option specified shall determine the behavior + of the utility. + +OPERANDS + The following operands shall be supported: + + owner[:group] + A user ID and optional group ID to be assigned to + file. The owner portion of this operand shall be + a user name from the user database or a numeric + user ID. Either specifies a user ID which shall + be given to each file named by one of the file + operands. If a numeric owner operand exists in + the user database as a user name, the user ID + number associated with that user name shall be + used as the user ID. Similarly, if the group por- + tion of this operand is present, it shall be a + group name from the group database or a numeric + group ID. Either specifies a group ID which shall + be given to each file. If a numeric group operand + exists in the group database as a group name, the + group ID number associated with that group name + shall be used as the group ID. + + file A pathname of a file whose user ID is to be modi- + fied. + + +STDIN + Not used. + +INPUT FILES + None. + +ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES + The following environment variables shall affect the + execution of chown: + + LANG Provide a default value for the + internationalization variables that are unset or + null. (See the Base Definitions volume of + IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, International- + ization Variables for the precedence of interna- + tionalization variables used to determine the + values of locale categories.) + + LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the + values of all the other internationalization + variables. + + LC_CTYPE + Determine the locale for the interpretation of + sequences of bytes of text data as characters + (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi- + byte characters in arguments). + + LC_MESSAGES + Determine the locale that should be used to + affect the format and contents of diagnostic mes- + sages written to standard error. + + NLSPATH + Determine the location of message catalogs for + the processing of LC_MESSAGES . + + +ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS + Default. + +STDOUT + Not used. + +STDERR + The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic + messages. + +OUTPUT FILES + None. + +EXTENDED DESCRIPTION + None. + +EXIT STATUS + The following exit values shall be returned: + + 0 The utility executed successfully and all + requested changes were made. + + >0 An error occurred. + + +CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS + Default. + + The following sections are informative. + +APPLICATION USAGE + Only the owner of a file or the user with appropriate + privileges may change the owner or group of a file. + + Some implementations restrict the use of chown to a user + with appropriate privileges. + +EXAMPLES + None. + +RATIONALE + The System V and BSD versions use different exit status + codes. Some implementations used the exit status as a + count of the number of errors that occurred; this prac- + tice is unworkable since it can overflow the range of + valid exit status values. These are masked by specifying + only 0 and >0 as exit values. + + The functionality of chown is described substantially + through references to functions in the System Interfaces + volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001. In this way, there is no + duplication of effort required for describing the inter- + actions of permissions, multiple groups, and so on. + + The 4.3 BSD method of specifying both owner and group + was included in this volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 + because: + + There are cases where the desired end condition + could not be achieved using the chgrp and chown + (that only changed the user ID) utilities. (If + the current owner is not a member of the desired + group and the desired owner is not a member of + the current group, the chown() function could + fail unless both owner and group are changed at + the same time.) + + Even if they could be changed independently, in + cases where both are being changed, there is a + 100% performance penalty caused by being forced + to invoke both utilities. + + The BSD syntax user[. group] was changed to user[: + group] in this volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 because + the period is a valid character in login names (as spec- + ified by the Base Definitions volume of + IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, login names consist of characters + in the portable filename character set). The colon char- + acter was chosen as the replacement for the period char- + acter because it would never be allowed as a character + in a user name or group name on historical implementa- + tions. + + The -R option is considered by some observers as an + undesirable departure from the historical UNIX system + tools approach; since a tool, find, already exists to + recurse over directories, there seemed to be no good + reason to require other tools to have to duplicate that + functionality. However, the -R option was deemed an + important user convenience, is far more efficient than + forking a separate process for each element of the + directory hierarchy, and is in widespread historical + use. + +FUTURE DIRECTIONS + None. + +SEE ALSO + chmod , chgrp , the System Interfaces volume of + IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, chown() + +COPYRIGHT + Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in + electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, + Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operat- + ing System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Speci- + fications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Insti- + tute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and + The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between + this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group + Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard + is the referee document. The original Standard can be + obtained online at + http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html . + + + +POSIX 2003 chown(P) |